Mediating Effects of Psychological Independence and Social Support on the Association Between Family Strength and Depression in Young Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Although family strength is potentially associated with a reduced risk of depression, little is known about the underlying pathways and mediating factors. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of psychological independence and social support on the relationship between family strength and depression in young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among 1,000 young Korean adults aged 19 to 24 years. We used a web-based survey agency to recruit participants using an independent panel and quota sampling, with stratification based on gender and age. The participants completed self-reported questionnaires that assessed family strength, psychological independence, social support, and depression. To examine the mediating effects of psychological independence and social support on the relationship between family strength and depression, we performed path analysis with AMOS 26 software (IBM Corp) using maximum standard likelihood estimation. Results: The path analysis revealed that gender (female) had a direct positive effect on depression (β=.09, P=.004) and an indirect negative effect on depression through social support (β=-.03, P=.001). Although there were no significant direct effects of living status (with parents) on depression, it had a significant and positive indirect effect through psychological independence (β=.03, P=.001). Family strength had a significant and negative direct effect on depression (β=-0.19, P=.001) and significant indirect and negative effects through psychological independence and social support (β=-0.17, P=.001). Therefore, the overall effect of family strength on depression was significantly negative (β=-0.37, P=.001). Psychological independence influenced depression both directly (β=-0.16, P=.001) and indirectly through social support (β=-0.12, P=.001), and social support influenced depression directly (β=-0.21, P=.001). The overall model explained 23% of the total variance in depression. Conclusions: The findings highlight that gender, living with parents, family strength, psychological independence, and social support in reduce depression among young adults. Additionally, the mediating effects of psychological independence and social support on the relationship between family strength and depression were significant in this population. Therefore, strategies to increase psychological independence and social support could reduce the risk of depression in young adults who have low family strength.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".