Spalled Barium Titanate Single Crystal Thin Films for Functional Device Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report a scalable approach for fabricating single-crystal barium titanate (BTO) thin films through spalling from bulk substrates. Conventional thin film growth techniques often face challenges in achieving high-quality single crystal microstructure over large areas, resulting in reduced performance in functional devices. In contrast, spalling, i.e., performing stress-induced exfoliation of bulk single crystals, enables the separation of single crystal thin films with controllable thicknesses ranging from 100 nm to 15 μm and lateral dimensions up to several millimeters. Electro-optic characterization of the spalled films yields a Pockels coefficient of r 33 = 55 pm/V in multidomain regions and 160 pm/V in single-domain regions, leading to projections up to 1980 pm/V for r 42 under conditions of unclamped excitation. Our results indicate that spalled BTO single-crystal thin films preserve bulk electro-optic properties and exceed the performance of commercially available thin film lithium niobate, making them suitable for integration in advanced photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".