Growth of Zn–N Co-Doped Ga2O3 Films by a New Scheme with Enhanced Optical Properties
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3), as a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, is highly expected to find extensive applications in optoelectronic devices, high-power electronics, gas sensors, etc. However, the photoelectric properties of Ga2O3 still need to be improved before its devices become commercially viable. As is well known, doping is an effective method to modulate the various properties of semiconductor materials. In this study, Zn–N co-doped Ga2O3 films with various doping concentrations were grown in situ on sapphire substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 250 °C, followed by post-annealing at 900 °C. The post-annealed undoped Ga2O3 film showed a highly preferential orientation, whereas with the increase in Zn doping concentration, the preferential orientation of Ga2O3 films was deteriorated, turning it into an amorphous state. The surface roughness of the Ga2O3 thin films is largely affected by doping. As a result of post-annealing, the bandgaps of the Ga2O3 films can be modulated from 4.69 eV to 5.41 eV by controlling the Zn–N co-doping concentrations. When deposited under optimum conditions, high-quality Zn–N co-doped Ga2O3 films showed higher transmittance, a larger bandgap, and fewer defects compared with undoped ones.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it