The association of age of onset on suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are differences in some clinical symptoms among patients with schizophrenia at different ages of onset. However, the association of age at onset on the prevalence and associated factors of suicide attempts in schizophrenia is still unclear. METHODS: A total of 949 patients with chronic schizophrenia in stable phase were enrolled. The onset of schizophrenia at or before age of 25 years was regarded as youth-onset (YO), and the onset after age of 25 years was regarded as non-youth-onset (NYO). Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were used to assess insomnia, psychotic symptoms, empathy, narration, and cognitive abilities of the subjects, respectively. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of suicide attempts between patients with YO and NYO (P > 0.05). Among YO patients, those with suicide attempts had significantly higher PANSS total scores, positive factor scores, excitability/hostility factor scores, and depression/anxiety factor scores (all P < 0.001), with the positive factor scores (P < 0.001, β = 0.18, OR = 1.19, 95%CI:1.10-1.30) and depression/anxiety factor scores (P < 0.001, β = 0.23, OR = 1.26, 95%CI:1.13-1.41) being independent risk factors for suicide attempts. However, the risk of suicide attempts in NYO patients was not significantly correlated with these factors. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of suicide attempts between YO and NYO schizophrenic patients, whereas there was a significant difference in their associated influencing factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".