MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4412028101 · doi:10.1080/21594937.2025.2508650

Injury statistics in outdoor compared to conventional early childhood education (ECE) programmes in Canada

2025· article· en· W4412028101 on OpenAlex
Yousif Al-Baldawi, Maeghan E. James, Louise de Lannoy, Mark S. Tremblay

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Play · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInjury Epidemiology and Prevention
Canadian institutionsChildren's Hospital of Eastern OntarioUniversity of Ottawa
FundersLawson Foundation
KeywordsStatisticsPsychologyDemographic economicsEconomicsMathematics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The benefits of outdoor play are well-established, yet safety concerns can limit outdoor play opportunities in early childhood education (ECE) programmes. Whether injury risk is higher in outdoor versus conventional ECE settings is unknown. This study examined injury rates and patterns in both settings. A survey was administered to 150 conventional and 160 outdoor ECE programmes in Canada in January-February 2023. The survey captured programme size, location, injury frequency/severity, and activity. Differences in minor, moderate and severe injury rates between settings were examined. Thirty-nine (13 conventional and 26 outdoor) programmes reported 855 minor injuries, with 72% occurring outdoors. Conventional programmes had a higher relative rate of minor outdoor injuries per hour per child compared to outdoor programmes (p = .009). No differences were found in moderate or high-severity injury rates (p > .05). Running and climbing were the most common activities linked to injuries in both settings. Boys and girls had equal prevalence of low-severity injuries, whereas boys had higher prevalence of medium and high-severity injuries. Outdoor-focused programmes had lower minor injury rates, though larger samples are needed to confirm this finding. These findings provide a foundation for future studies on injury rates in outdoor ECEs in Canada and internationally.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.126
Threshold uncertainty score0.942

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.338
Teacher spread0.330 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it