Hydrazone-crosslinked poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate)-based hydrogels with physically entrapped phage effectively control Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a burn wound model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
First-line treatments for treating wound infections are under threat from the increase in antimicrobial resistant bacteria, a threat further exacerbated in burn wounds in which the immune response to the infection site is blocked by burned skin. Herein, we report a tuneable and in situ-gelling poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) bulk hydrogel containing bacteriophage (phage), viruses that allow for highly efficient and specific killing of bacteria without the need for conventional antibiotics. The resulting phage-hydrogel has suitable mechanical strength (1.5 kPa compressive modulus) and stability (up to 5 days when fully hydrated) for use as a burn wound dressing while also maintaining excellent antibiotic properties (>4-log reduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a murine in vivo infection burn wound model). Coupled with the beneficial hydrating properties of hydrogels for promoting burn wound healing, the phage-hydrogel dressing offers potential for managing complex burn wound infections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".