3153 Comparison of Free-Cog with the Mini-Mental State Examination and Lawton-Brody functional scales
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The Free-Cog is a brief cognitive test designed to capture decline in both general cognition and executive function. The Free-Cog has been validated by comparison with the Mini-Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination in a UK secondary care setting. Here, we compare Free-Cog to the routinely-used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Physical Self-Maintenance Scales (PSMS). Methods Patients from three memory clinics were recruited (n = 298 records). The Free-Cog, MMSE, IADL and PSMS were administered in-person (n = 267), via telephone (n = 17), or virtually using video conferencing (n = 12). The four tests were compared using Pearson correlation and ability to predict dementia diagnosis using binary logistic regression and the area under receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curves. Preliminary results In-person Free-Cog score correlations ranged from strong (MMSE; r = 0.86, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: [0.82–0.89], p < 0.001), to moderate (IADL (r = 0.56, 95% CI: [0.46–0.64], p = <0.001) to weak with the PSMS (r = 0.23, 95% CI: [0.10–0.35], p = <0.001). The Telephone Free-Cog only correlated significantly with MMSE (r = 0.73, 95% CI: [0.39–0.90], p < 0.001) and virtual Free-Cog with MMSE (r = 0.92, 95% CI: [0.74–0.98], p < 0.001) and IADL (r = 0.63, 95% CI: [0.09–0.88], p = 0.03). Each 1-point increase in Free-Cog (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.84, 95% CI: [0.76–0.92], p < 0.001) decreased the odds of being diagnosed with dementia, as the MMSE (OR: 0.79, 95%CI: [0.69–0.90], p < 0.001), and IADL (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: [0.58–0.92], p < 0.01). The Free-Cog (AUROC = 0.79) best discriminated between dementia and diagnosed otherwise, followed by MMSE (AUROC = 0.74), and IADL (AUROC = 0.69), whereas the PSMS did not (AUROC = 0.43). Conclusion The Free-Cog appears to be a free-of-cost, valid alternative to the routinely used MMSE, and supplements the IADL scale in capturing cognitive and functional changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases of cognition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".