Effect of probiotic therapy on the clinical manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with dysbiotic changes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim: to assess the duration and changes of psychoneurological and gastrointestinal disorders in patients with psychoneurological conditions following the addition of a probiotic product containing lactobacilli LGG® and bifidobacteria BB-12® to comprehensive therapy. Materials and Methods: a retrospective study included 100 patients (59 female), aged over 18 years (range: 18–95 years; mean age: 49±8.6 years), presenting with psychoneurological symptoms: somatoform disorder (n=37), bipolar disorder (n=9), schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n=12), parkinsonism (n=35, including Parkinson’s disease, n=19), Alzheimer’s disease (n=1), unspecified dementia (n=2), and autism (n=4). Gastrointestinal (GI) complaints were reported in 84 patients, most frequently abdominal discomfort and episodic abdominal pain (n=78), accompanied by constipation (n=47), diarrhea (n=18), or alternating constipation and diarrhea (n=9). Less commonly observed were poor appetite (n=48), recommended food aversion (n=21), nausea (n=18), and episodes of vomiting (n=8). Initial laboratory microbiological assessment confirmed intestinal dysbiosis in 100% of patients, and oropharyngeal dysbiosis was detected in 65%. Using a case-control design, patients were divided into two groups of 50 each: in the main group, patients received a probiotic preparation in addition to standard therapy for 21 days, while in the comparison group, correction was performed by other means or dietary modification alone. Clinical symptoms were evaluated on days 5±1, 10±1, 20±2, 30±3, 60±3, 90±3, and 180±10 from therapy initiation. Microbiological diagnostics for dysbiosis were performed before treatment and on day 30±3. The changes of psychoneurological symptoms were assessed, including anxiety and sleep disturbances (using the Hamilton scale), productive symptoms—such as delusions and hallucinations, if present (using the SAPS or Young scales), self-care ability (Barthel Index), and learning ability (Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Results and Discussion: probiotic therapy was associated with more rapid resolution of abdominal discomfort and pain, as well as normalization of bowel function. Upon completion of the probiotic course and in subsequent follow-ups, an improvement in mental status was observed. At the 30±3 day time point, improvement in gut microbiome composition was noted in 100% of patients in the main group, compared to only 23 (46%) in the comparison group (p<0.05). The incidence of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) over 6 months was lower in the main group than in the comparison group — 1.3±0.74 vs. 1.9±1.17 (p<0.05). Conclusion: probiotic therapy with product containing lactobacilli LGG® and bifidobacteria BB-12® in adult patients with psychoneurological disorders and concomitant GI dysbiosis characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain, bowel dysfunction, and appetite disorders, leads to faster alleviation or reduction in the severity of complaints, improvement in mental condition, reduced ARVI incidence, and improved laboratory indicators of microbiome composition compared to alternative treatment regimens. Keywords: Bifidobacteria spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacteria BB-12, dysbiosis, intestine, Lactobacilli LGG, microbiome, probiotics, mental disorders. For citation: Ruzhentsova T.A., Garbuzov A.A., Bayrakova A.L. Effect of probiotic therapy on the clinical manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with dysbiotic changes. RMJ. 2025;5:22–28. DOI: 10.32364/2225-2282-2025-5-5
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".