How psychosocial safety climate affects employee well-being via basic psychological needs: A longitudinal multilevel moderated mediation study.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To create a more humane and sustainable workplace that upholds humanistic values alongside economic goals, it is critical to understand how organizations can effectively support employee well-being. Integrating self-determination theory within the psychosocial safety climate (PSC) framework, this study investigates (a) the core mechanism by which PSC supports employee well-being through basic psychological needs and (b) the organizational contexts in which this mechanism operates most effectively. Using a multilevel, cross-lagged panel model with three waves of data from 983 employees across 59 organizations, we decomposed PSC into between- and within-organization components. We investigated (a) within-organization mediation pathways, with need satisfaction and frustration mediating the relationships between individual PSC and work engagement and emotional exhaustion, respectively, and (b) between-organization contextual influences, testing how organizational-level PSC (i.e., PSC level and its interaction with PSC strength) moderates these indirect pathways. At the within-organization level, PSC was positively and indirectly related to work engagement through need satisfaction and negatively and indirectly related to emotional exhaustion via need frustration. At the between-organization level, PSC level and its interaction with PSC strength significantly moderated these relationships. Particularly, higher organizational PSC levels amplified the positive indirect relationship between individual PSC and work engagement, whereas the negative indirect relationship between individual PSC and emotional exhaustion was strongest in organizations characterized by both lower PSC levels and higher PSC strength. This study illustrates the multilevel role of PSC in promoting and sustaining employee well-being by supporting inherent human tendencies toward psychological need fulfillment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".