Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Parents’ Satisfaction with Childhood Vaccine Services and Associated Factors in Ethiopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Satisfaction with childhood vaccination services is a vital indication of care quality and it significantly influences healthcare outcomes. However, there is a paucity of comprehensive evidence on parents’ satisfaction with vaccination services. This review aimed to evaluate the level of satisfaction with childhood vaccination services and identify the determinants influencing this satisfaction among parents in Ethiopia. Methods Studies were systematically searched from April 3, 2024 to 30, 2024 using Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, African Journal Online, and the Wiley Online Library. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool designed for quality assessments was used to assess the scientific strength and the quality of each primary study. A random effects model was employed to calculate the pooled estimates. The Cochran’s Q test and I 2 statistic were used to assess the heterogeneity of studies. The symmetry of the funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to check for publication bias. Percentages and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to pool the effect measure. Results In this review, a total of 146,987 articles were retrieved. Ultimately, 13 studies involving 6,023 participants were included in the analysis. The level of parental satisfaction with childhood vaccination services was found to be 65.6% (95% CI: 58.74, 72.44%). Knowledge about vaccination services (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.42), favorable attitudes toward vaccination (aOR = 3.23; 95% CI: 1.86, 5.62), welcoming approaches (aOR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.80, 8.42), and waiting less than 30 minutes to receive services (aOR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.35) were the factors which contributed significantly to parental satisfaction with childhood vaccination services. Conclusions Overall, only two-thirds of parents were satisfied with the childhood vaccination services. Key factors of the level of satisfaction included healthcare providers’ greeting or welcoming approach, waiting times of less than 30 minutes at health facilities, knowledge, as well as their attitudes. To improve parental satisfaction in Ethiopia and similar contexts, it is crucial to address these risk factors. Policymakers should establish guidelines for compassionate and respectful care provision and develop strategies to implement patient-centered care services. Furthermore, it is recommended to improve timely and welcoming approaches to healthcare service delivery. Finally, enhancing parental satisfaction with healthcare services requires a multifaceted approach that prioritizes respectful interactions and efficient service delivery. Systematic Review Registration: (PROSPERO ID CRD42024577054)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.019 | 0.046 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.014 | 0.027 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".