Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Incarcerated: Comparison of Treatment Rates and Clinical Outcomes With the United States General Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Incarcerated individuals in state and federal prisons demonstrate disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension and tobacco use. 1 As a result, in comparison with the United States general population, inmates are faced with a more than three-fold risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). 2 Unfortunately, some evidence suggests that incarcerated individu-als receive suboptimal medical care due to structural barriers in healthcare delivery as well as discrimination based on incarcerated status, 3 which underscores a public health and human rights concern.To the best of our knowledge, no studies to date have evaluated treatment rates and clinical outcomes of AIS in this specialized population, in whom healthcare outcomes in general are woefully understudied.Herein, we aim to evaluate treatment rates of reperfusion therapies as well as clinical outcomes of in-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".