Insights into strength and deformation in Al-doped Ti3SiC2 MAX phase after irradiation with a mixed spectrum of high-energy protons and spallation neutrons
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An Al-doped Ti 3 SiC 2 MAX phase containing dual phases α-Ti 3 SiC 2 and α-Al 2 O 3 grains was irradiated at around 125 °C in Target-10 of the Swiss spallation neutron source (SINQ) under a mixed spectrum of high-energy protons and spallation neutrons to approximately 8.4 displacements per atom (dpa), 575 appm helium and 1350 appm hydrogen. The microstructures, strength and deformation mechanisms of both irradiated and unirradiated Al-doped Ti 3 SiC 2 were investigated using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoindentation and micropillar compression. After irradiation, high-density defect clusters and dislocation loops were formed in α-Ti 3 SiC 2 grains, and the resistance against microcracking was enhanced. As a result, the strength of the Al-doped Ti 3 SiC 2 under micropillar compression was increased from 1.9 ± 0.1 to 6.1 ± 0.6 GPa, although the E modulus was almost unchanged. Regardless of irradiation, this material showed brittle fracture with virtually no plastic deformation under micropillar compression. TEM observations of the deformed regions underneath Vickers indentation revealed microcracks parallel to the {0 0 0 1} basal planes in the unirradiated specimen and defect-free dislocation channels parallel to the {1 1 0 1} planes in the irradiated specimen. This suggests that the slip systems in the Al-doped Ti 3 SiC 2 are similar to those of hcp Zr alloys, namely prismatic and basal {0001} slip planes and dislocation channeling is a deformation mechanism in the irradiated Al-doped Ti 3 SiC 2 phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".