Impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential on arterial atherothrombosis and venous thromboembolism: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a novel risk factor for thromboembolic events. While CHIP is linked to an increased risk of incident atherothrombosis (ATE), the link between these two conditions varies across studies. Furthermore, the association between CHIP and incident venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not yet been well characterized. Among patients with established ATE and VTE, it is still unclear how CHIP carriership influences their health outcomes. We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to: i) determine the impact of CHIP carriership on incident ATE and VTE; and ii) evaluate the prevalence and clinical consequences of CHIP mutations among individuals with established ATE or VTE. METHODS: We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL for randomized trials, cohort studies, or case control studies reporting thromboembolic events among adult CHIP carriers and non-carriers in two populations: i) individuals without prior ATE (coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease) or VTE (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, superficial vein thrombosis); and ii) individuals with established ATE or VTE. Cross-sectional studies will be included to determine the prevalence of CHIP among individuals with established thromboembolic disease. The primary outcome will be incident ATE and VTE. Secondary outcomes will be: i) CHIP prevalence among individuals with established ATE or VTE; and ii) recurrent thromboembolism and treatment-associated bleeding among individuals with established ATE or VTE. We will use random-effects meta-analyses, with subgroup analyses by participant demographics, ATE and VTE risk factors, and CHIP-specific characteristics. DISCUSSION: By understanding the prognostic impact of CHIP carriership, our findings will inform future research on CHIP's role as a predictive biomarker for ATE and VTE in the general population and among individuals with established thromboembolic disease. REGISTRATION: This systematic review protocol was registered with the Internal Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number CRD42024539923).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.046 | 0.077 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.023 | 0.032 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.047 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".