Hydro Quebec Development of a Positive Electrode for Sulfide Solid State Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Advanced lithium-ion batteries are under development, but they still suffer from safety issues. Solid state batteries present a good solution as they are safer than lithium-ion ones and they can respond to the high energy need for the electromobility. A huge effort is applied to batteries with sulfide ceramic electrolytes due to their high ionic conductivity at room temperature. But the use of this electrolyte results in some challenges such as the incompatibility with high voltage positive material, the incompatibility with lithium metal, the H2S generation, ... Since a few years, Hydro Québec has made research on solid state batteries and particularly on batteries with sulfide ceramic electrolytes. An innovative solution was developed to manage the interfacial incompatibility of sulfide with LiNixMnyCozO2 material. A protective layer was obtained on sulfide particles. In solid state batteries, the contact between particles in the positive electrodes must be maintained all along the cycling. For this reason, a specific binder was designed to maintain a good contact upon cycling of NMC 622. Several configurations were considered and compared to standard binder to find the best configuration. This solution can be adjusted to NMC with higher Ni content that suffer from a higher volumetric change at high end of charge voltage due to structural changes. Lots of patents were made by Hydro Québec on this technology to address a solution to each challenge related to sulfide ceramic electrolytes. This presentation will focus on the development of a positive electrode that faced all challenges given by sulfide ceramic electrolytes and more particularly on the binder developed for this technology. Performances obtained in pouch cells with optimized positive electrodes will be also presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".