Assessing Episodic and Semantic Autobiographical Recall in Healthy Older APOE ε4 Carriers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The APOE E4 gene is associated with increased risk of developing sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Several studies have focused on declarative memory, where episodic memory deficits are reported in E4 carriers, while semantic memory has received much less attention. To clarify whether the impact of APOE E4 on declarative memory is specific to episodic memory, we administered a novel measure of autobiographical memory, the Semantic Autobiographical Interview (SAI). Thirty-eight health older adults were recruited, 19 E4 carriers and 19 non-carriers, matched in age, education, and gender. The groups did not significantly differ in any neuropsychological tests except for recognition memory, where E4 carries showed reduced performance. On the original Autobiographical Interview (AI), results revealed a reduced number of episodic details (internal details and external events) in carriers. Together, these results suggest a reduction of episodic specificity in E4 carriers. In contrast, carriers has very similar semantic production to non-carriers, whether it was for off-task (external) semantic details in the AI, or on-task general and personal semantic details produced in the SAI. These results suggest that older adults retain the gist of their personal experience and that the semanticization of their autobiographical narratives is robust and less sensitive to risk for Alzheimer's Disease than episodic memory.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".