Central memory T cells with key TCR repertoires and gene expression profiles dominate influenza CD8+ T cell pools across the human lifespan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Central memory CD8 + T cells (T cm ) represent the prominent memory T cell subset in human blood, yet the persistence of T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypic and transcriptional features of epitope-specific T cm pools across the human lifespan remains unknown. We analyzed T cm CD8 + T cells specific for HLA-A*02:01-M1 58–66 (A2/M1 58 ; a prominent influenza epitope) in newborns, children, adults, and older adults directly ex vivo. Our data provide evidence that epitope-specific T cm CD8 + pools dominate influenza-specific memory A2/M1 58 + CD8 + T cell responses from the early childhood until old age. T cm gene signatures were largely maintained across the age groups, although self-renewal genes defined T cm pools in children, while older adult T cm A2/M1 58 + CD8 + T cells displayed detoxication and stress profiles. TCRαβ diversity within T cm A2/M1 58 + CD8 + T cell pools was greater in children and older adults, when compared to adults. The key public-associated TCRαβ clonotypes largely persisted across the human lifespan, although their highest frequency was detected in adults, reflecting lower TCRαβ diversity in this group. Older adults displayed increased TCRαβ heterogeneity, underpinned by large TCRαβ clonotype expansions of private TCRαβ clonotypes. Our study highlights the importance of largely preserved virus-specific T cm pools across the human lifespan and advocates for boosting persistent TCRαβ clonotypes within this key peripheral blood subset.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".