Liquid-cell annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging of single crystal samples on a low-index zone-axis incidence condition
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In liquid cell (LC) annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM), the spatial resolution is limited by the low ratio of signals from samples to background signals from the silicon nitride window membranes and liquid. We report the development of a double-tilt LC holder for atomic-resolution LC-ADF-STEM imaging of single-crystal samples under zone-axis incidence conditions. A SrTiO 3 <001> lamellar sample, approximately 100 nm thick, was prepared using the focused ion beam technique and transferred onto a silicon nitride window membrane of an LC chip via a glass probe pick-up method in air, which avoids Ga ion beam-induced damage to the window membrane. The sample adhered to the high-flatness window membrane and remained immobile, even when embedded in a water droplet. The sample and pure water were enclosed in an LC and observed under <001> zone-axis incidence conditions using aberration-corrected ADF-STEM. Electron channeling along the atomic columns enabled atomic-resolution LC-ADF-STEM imaging with high contrast, sufficiently overcoming background signals from window membranes and liquids. This high-contrast imaging technique could lower the probe current and is expected to mitigate electron-beam-induced radiolysis and minimize undesired sample damage, particularly under high-magnification imaging conditions. • A double-tilt LC holder was developed for atomic-resolution LC-ADF-STEM imaging under zone-axis incidence conditions. • FIB-sample transfer using a glass probe pick-up method can avoid Ga ion beam-induced damage to liquid cell window membranes. • FIB samples adhere to high-flatness liquid cell window membranes and are stable even when embedded in a water droplet. • Electron channeling enables the high-contrast ADF-STEM imaging of atomic columns of sample in a liquid cell.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it