Preparation of industrial ammonium metatungstate ( <scp>AMT</scp> ) from sulphuric‐cum‐phosphoric acid leaching by solvent extraction with aliquat‐336
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, the acid dissolution and subsequent solvent extraction of a Nigerian wolframite ore was examined. The combinations of sulphuric‐cum‐phosphoric acid solutions were used as the leachants. The effect of process parameters such as reaction temperature, concentration, and particle size were investigated. At optimal leaching conditions (2.0 M H 2 SO 4 + 0.15 M H 3 PO 4 , 75°C, −90 + 75 μm), 93.7% of the ore reacted within 120 min. The Avrami model was proposed and considered based on the experimental data obtained in this study. The derived activation energy of 12.32 kJ/mol from the study indicates the reaction to be of an internal diffusion reaction model with minimal eco‐feasible energy. Suggesting that the process is energy saving and eco‐friendly. The extraction process by aliquat‐336 yielded 95% of pure tungsten at 27 ± 2°C. The optimization of pure tungsten solution through crystallization process gave high‐grade AMT of the form (NH 4 ) 6 [H 2 W 12 O 40 ] · 4H 2 O: 96‐901‐3322, melting point 101.4°C is therefore recommended for industrial applications in catalytic operations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".