Heat stress responses mediated by N6-methyladenine DNA methylation in maize
Bibliographic record
Abstract
N6-methyladenine (6mA) plays an important role in eukaryotic development and stress responses, yet its function under heat stress (HS) in crops remains unclear. Here, we show that 6mA dynamics in two maize inbred lines, B73 and Mo17, correlate with their responses to HS. Genome-wide 6mA profiling reveals enrichment in promoters, intergenic regions, and transposable elements (TEs), with inverse correlation with gene/TE expression. Upon HS, heat-tolerant plants show elevated 6mA levels, with differential 6mA patterning on key HS-related genes underlying thermotolerance variation between B73 and Mo17. We identified ZmALKBH1 as a 6mA demethylase, and its mutation enhances HS tolerance. A deep learning model based on 6mA methylomes of B73 and Mo17 accurately predicts and experimentally validates 6mA distribution and HS response in additional W22 and B104 lines. These findings uncover the role of 6mA in transcriptional regulation of crop stress adaptation and offer potential targets for improving thermotolerance in maize.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".