Longitudinal disparities in psychological distress and mental health symptoms in Canadian lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and gender-diverse midlife and older adults: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) and transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people experience mental health disparities across the lifespan, yet little research has examined these trajectories into later adulthood; this study sought to fill this gap. METHOD: = 45,055) people. RESULTS: LGB adults reported significantly higher psychological distress and depression symptoms, and lower life satisfaction, compared to heterosexual people. Overall trajectory patterns were similar across groups, except bisexual adults showed distinct patterns whereby their rate of decline in psychological distress and depression slowed less at older ages, though baseline disparities persisted. TGD adults reported lower life satisfaction compared to cisgender men, though this finding should be interpreted cautiously. Across all participants, mental health outcomes followed quadratic patterns with age, declining into early older adulthood before leveling off. These disparities persisted across older adulthood but did not significantly change over time, suggesting stability in mental health differences rather than convergence or widening disparities. In contrast, no significant mental health disparities emerged between TGD and cisgender adults, though this finding likely reflects the small sample of TGD participants. CONCLUSION: Our findings support minority stress theory, suggesting that cumulative exposure to minority stressors contributes to persistent disparities in LGBT older adults, while revealing complex age-related patterns that may reflect stress-resilience interactions over time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".