100 Gbps data transmission with 40W optical power amplifier validation for GEO-to-GEO data relay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For long-range and high data rate optical inter-satellite links, increasing aperture size or optical output power is necessary to achieve desired performance. However, higher optical power can induce non-linear effects, potentially compromising communication quality. In this study, we present experimental data on the impact of non-linear effects on C-Band communication system with two different signal modulation formats: 2.5G OOK NRZ and 100G DP-QPSK. To that extent, modulated optical signals were amplified up to 40 W using a newly developed high-power optical amplifier and were transmitted through a standard single-mode fiber of varying lengths. As non-linear effects intensified, a decrease in communication sensitivity was measured by the bit error ratio (BER). These results revealed distinct behaviors between the OOK and DP-QPSK systems. The 2.5G OOK system showed no non-linear effects below a certain power threshold, but beyond this threshold, communication was severely impaired. Conversely, the 100G DP-QPSK system-maintained communication even at 40 W of optical output power across all fiber lengths tested, though it experienced some link penalty when the power exceeded 10 W. These findings highlight the importance of understanding and managing non-linear effects in high-power optical inter-satellite communication systems to optimize performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".