Impact of Age, Marital Status, Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption on Urinary and Sexual Function in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of age, marital status, smoking status, and alcohol use on urinary and sexual function up to 1 year post-radical prostatectomy (RP) among men with prostate cancer. METHODS: Participants were recruited from the Prostatectomy, Incontinence, and Erectile dysfunction study. Patient characteristics were assessed at baseline. Urinary and sexual function were assessed using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-50 at baseline and 5 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months post-RP. Mean urinary and sexual function scores were calculated for each time point by patient characteristics. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 311 and 286 men for urinary function and sexual function, respectively. Urinary function: At baseline, married men had significantly higher urinary function scores (P = .027). By 6 months post-RP, older (vs younger, P = .044) and unmarried men (vs married, P = .008) had significantly worse urinary function. By 12 months post-RP, these differences disappeared, with all groups returning to levels approaching baseline. Sexual function: At baseline, participants who were younger (P <.001), never-smokers (P <.001), and more frequent consumers of alcohol (P = .021) had significantly higher sexual function scores. Small improvements in sexual function occurred at 6 months post-RP. By 12 months post-RP, sexual function did not recover to baseline levels for any group and was significantly lower for older (P <.001), unmarried (P <.025), and ever-smoker participants (P = .002). CONCLUSION: Urinary function scores recover to levels approaching baseline by 12 months post-RP. Sexual function scores do not recover to baseline levels by 12 months post-RP for any group and are lower for participants who are older, unmarried, or smoke.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".