Polarization-resolved terahertz time-domain imaging enabled by single pixel imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents an efficient far-field single pixel imaging (SPI) system adapted to broadband, pulsed terahertz (THz) detection to successfully reconstruct polarization-resolved hyperspectral THz images of a polarizing sample of varying thickness. Polarizing S-cyclic Hadamard masks are used to efficiently encode the pulsed imaging beam polarization prior to interaction with the sample. In the reconstructed images, 320-ps-duration THz pulses are reconstructed for each spatial pixel. The corresponding hyperspectral THz images are then examined at frequencies between 0.10 and 1.00 THz with a frequency resolution of 3 GHz. A 17 × 19 three-dimensional image is presented to summarize the amplitude and phase of the reconstructed hyperspectral THz images in order to measure the refractive index and extinction coefficient of the sample polymethyl methacrylate material. Diffractive effects relating imaging wavelength and SPI mask pixel dimension are explored, in which diffraction broadening is significant for pixel sizes less than 1.2 wavelengths. This work has the potential to be the basis for future polarization-resolved THz imagers, particularly for those utilizing a single detector.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".