Negative social interactions on the relationship between ADD/ADHD and both anxious and depressive symptoms among Canadian adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective The primary goal of the present research was to examine whether the associations that negative social interactions (NSIs) demonstrate with both anxiety and depression varied between adults with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a Canadian sample. Method Data were obtained from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey–Mental Health ( N ≥ 16,354). Presence of NSIs, diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and experience of major depressive episodes (MDEs) were estimated in the self-report ADHD and non-ADHD groups. Results NSIs were positively associated with having GAD and experiencing an MDE. Self-reported ADHD was also positively associated with these diagnostic outcomes. Presence of self-reported ADHD did not significantly modify the associations between NSI and GAD or NSI and MDE. Conclusion The findings show that increased levels of NSIs are significant predictors of an increased risk of experiencing anxiety and depression, and that ADHD itself a corelate of anxiety and depression. However, the associations that NSIs demonstrate with anxiety and with depression do not significantly differ based on the presence or absence of an ADHD diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".