Validation of the Polish version of the Movement Disorder Society Non-motor Rating Scale (MDS-NMS)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY: We aimed to translate and validate the Polish version of the MDS-NMS and compare it with the original English version. CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) affect a significant portion of the Parkinson's disease (PD) patient population and may negatively impact their quality of life. Non-motor symptoms may contribute to an increased sense of illness among patients and to a greater burden upon their caregivers. It is therefore advisable to develop a Polish validation of a reference scale for diagnosing and assessing the severity of NMS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The MDS-NMS was translated into Polish by a third-party translation company experienced in the translation of rating scales and reviewed by the Polish Translation Validation Leader (JS). Following several rounds of review, the final translation received the approval of the MDS Translation Steering Committee for its use in Cognitive Pre-testing. The translated version of the MDS-NMS then underwent Cognitive Pre-testing, and the translation was subsequently modified based on the results. The approved version was considered to be the Official Working Document of the Polish MDS-NMS and was tested on 307 Polish PD patients recruited at movement disorder centers. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses were applied to determine whether the factor structure of the English version could be confirmed in the Polish version. RESULTS: The overall factor structure of the Polish version was fairly consistent with that of the English version based on the high CFIs for all 14 subscales of the MDS-NMS in the confirmatory factor analysis (CFI ≥ 0.90). The Polish MDS-NMS was confirmed to share a common factor structure with the original English version. CONCLUSIONS: The availability of the Polish validation of the MDS-NMS scale will facilitate Polish research centers' participation in multi-center trials and clinical studies. Moreover, it will enable individual Polish researchers to compare their results collected on Polish PD patients more easily and confidently with those available worldwide. We are also convinced that the Polish version of MDS-NMS will prove useful in everyday clinical practice, facilitating the easier and more effective identification of NMS-related problems and the assessment of their severity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".