Constrained yet agentic: young men and women's everyday negotiations to daily mobility in rural Ghana
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research on youth mobility has focused on (irregular) migration of young people from Africa to Europe. Where there is a focus on local mobility, there is much emphasis on urban youth to the detriment of rural youth. This paper draws on data from qualitative interviews with 30 young youth in rural northern Ghana to show that both young men and women are constantly contesting, negotiating, and navigating the everyday challenges they face to participate in daily mobility for divergent reasons. The findings showcase the individual and collective agency of young men and women in navigating gendered socio-cultural norms and perceptions to participate in mobility as part of livelihood activities. Based on these findings, we argue that rural young men and women should be seen as active agents who are constantly negotiating socially constraining structures to participate in local mobility as part of the process of livelihood building and in advancing their life aspirations. Thus, far from being powerless actors, commonly framed by popular media and policy narratives of youth migration from the global south to the north, rural youth exercise agency. Additionally, they participate in and value local mobilities as part of livelihood decisions, survival and wellbeing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".