Pediatric Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Series in a Montreal Tertiary Care Hospital
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis and management of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) pose important challenges in the pediatric population. OBJECTIVE: We determined CL clinical characteristics in infected children in Montreal, Canada. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data from medical records of children with CL were retrieved retrospectively (2004-2023) at Sainte-Justine University Medical Center. RESULTS: Fourteen children (9 boys and 5 girls) with CL were first- (9) or second- (5) generation immigrants who immigrated from or travelled to their country of origin. CL developed post arrival/return to Canada (mean 6.6 months). The mean age at onset was 8.4 years (range 3-16 years). Lesions were multiple in 10 cases, with faces and legs more frequently involved. The mean diagnostic delay was 3 months, largely due to limited access to healthcare and initial misdiagnoses (range: 1-7 months). Histopathology (12), polymerase chain reaction (8), or both (7) confirmed the diagnosis. Two patients cleared CL without treatment, while 2 others showed clinical improvement with antileishmanial agent treatment alone. Patients were treated with fluconazole (7), liposomal amphotericin B (6), either alone or in association, and intralesional meglumine antimoniate (2). The mean time between CL onset and resolution was 5 months (range 1-10 months), resulting in atrophic scars in 10 patients with known outcome. CONCLUSION: Awareness of the occurrence of CL in children living in non-endemic countries should result in earlier diagnosis and treatment and better outcomes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".