Sex differences in sucrose-induced locomotor sensitization and cross-sensitization with the D2/D3 agonist quinpirole in rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In humans, women are known to have a greater prevalence of eating-related disorders and stronger experience of food cravings than men. Similarly, in rodents, females display a greater preference and motivation for the highly palatable sweet food, sucrose, than do males. Pre-exposure to sucrose has been shown to enhance locomotor sensitization induced by dopaminergic agonists, however, evidence of sex differences in this effect is limited. Female (n = 16) and male (n = 16) Long-Evans rats received 30 min daily access to sucrose (0.3 M) or water for nine consecutive days followed by daily administration of the D2/D3 agonist, quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg), for nine consecutive days. Automated locomotor activity assessment occurred on the first, fifth, and ninth days of the sucrose and quinpirole phases. In the sucrose phase, sex × fluid interactions were broadly observed in activity measures across and within testing days with females but not males showing an effect of sucrose-induced locomotor sensitization. In the quinpirole phase, a sex × fluid interaction was only observed in a single activity measure across days, suggesting that sucrose pre-exposure does not robustly alter quinpirole sensitization by sex. A sex difference was identified in the effect of locomotor sensitization induced by sucrose, but not for sucrose pre-exposure on quinpirole sensitization. These results suggest that differences exist between sexes in sucrose-induced sensitization in rodents, perhaps underlying sex differences in food cravings and eating-related disorder prevalence in humans. • Locomotor sensitization is a behavioural index of drug-induced neuroadaptations. • In humans, sex differences exist in food cravings and preferences. • This experiment investigated sex differences in sucrose-related sensitization. • Sucrose induced an effect of locomotor sensitization in female rats but not males.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".