Bibliographic record
Abstract
On March 1, 2021, the long-awaited amendments to the Divorce Act, RSC 1985 c3 (2nd Supp) came into effect, changing the word “custody” to the more accurate “decision-making”, expanding on the best interests of the child test, creating presumptions for relocation, and for the first time, recognizing family violence. In addition to these crucial substantive changes, there has been a bubbling excitement among the family law bar about the amendments’ emphasis on resolving family law matters through non-adversarial processes. (E.g.: here and here.) Except where there is family violence, and only where “appropriate”, counsel are required to “encourage” the client “to attempt to resolve the matters” through a “family dispute resolution process”, which includes collaborative practice (“CP”) for the first time (s.7.7(2)(a)). All lawyers are already required to recommend settlement to their clients (R.3.2-4), and court rules often require that parties try to settle before they proceed to trial; but the range of dispute resolution processes recognized has been expanded and the client has an obligation to “try” (s.7.3). In other words, the bar seems to have been set higher in terms of prioritizing the merits of a consensual resolution. The Supreme Court of Canada called for a “culture shift” in civil litigation in Hryniak v Mauldin, 2014 SCC 7, and the culture of family law has been shifting over the last fifty years. The sense is that these amendments are trying to encourage further change, recognizing the need for a culture of reasonableness in family law, and space for non-adversarial advocacy, but not at the expense of rights-based approaches and adversarialism where necessary.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.030 | 0.029 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.028 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.015 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.019 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".