Flexible Polyurethane Foams Reinforced With Recycled Waste Tire Material
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT We explore the use of ground tire rubber (GTR) powder obtained through water jet pulverization (WJP), referred to as WJP‐GTR, and reveal that its structural parameters play a significant role in controlling the reinforcing properties of flexible polyurethane (PU) foams. Specifically, to improve interfacial adhesion with the PU matrix, we consider chemically treated WJP‐GTR particles either with NaOH (WJP‐GTR NaOH ), KMnO 4 (), or H 2 O 2 (). A series of PU/WJP‐GTR composite foams with varying filler contents (5–20 wt.%) are fabricated via the free‐rising foam method. Here, we explore the influence of the content and chemical treatment of the WJP‐GTR on the mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of PU/WJP‐GTR composite foams. Compression tests indicate that significantly enhances the overall stiffness and ultimate compressive strength of the sample containing 15 wt.% WJP‐GTR. Analysis of the acoustic characterization reveals that WJP‐GTR NaOH foams exhibit the highest sound absorption, with a peak acoustic activity of 0.46 at 15 wt.% filler content and enhanced absorption in the low‐frequency range. These findings demonstrate the potential of chemically treated WJP‐GTR as a sustainable reinforcement for flexible PU foams, offering tunable mechanical and acoustic properties suitable for automotive, construction, and aerospace applications.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".