Choroid plexus volume and its association with cognitive performance across the lifespan: Links to sleep quality and healthy brain aging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The choroid plexus (ChP) is implicated in inflammation and supports the clearance of waste byproducts, particularly those related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Increases in ChP volume have been associated with older age and cognitive decline in both clinical and healthy cohorts. However, the clearance of waste products in the brain is also related to sleep, and sleep quality may contribute to ChP dysfunction and cognitive decline. In the present work, it was therefore hypothesized that the association between age and cognitive performance is mediated by ChP volume, however this is conditional on sleep quality. A moderated-mediation model was tested on a sample ( N = 590) of healthy adults aged 18–87 years from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN). Results showed that the relationship between increasing age and decreased cognitive performance was partially mediated by ChP volume, however, this was not conditional on sleep quality. A moderation analysis indicated that the relationship between ChP volume and cognitive performance was moderated by age, with ChP enlargement associated with worse cognitive performance in participants older than 62 years. In participants younger than 62 years, sleep duration was associated with cognitive performance, but ChP volume was not. These findings provide support for the sensitivity of ChP volume to cognitive performance in older adults. • In healthy adults, increasing age was associated with decreasing cognitive performance. • ChP volume partially mediated this relationship between age and cognitive performance. • Sleep quality predicted cognitive performance in younger but not older adults. • ChP volume predicted cognitive performance in older but not younger adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".