Assessing Hydraulic Fracturing in Earthen-Rockfill Dam Core based on Extended Finite Element (XFEM) Framework
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing in clay core of earth-rock fill dams appear when fluid pressure becomes higher than the total stress at a point, developing tensile effective stress conditions within the soil. In this paper, hydraulic fracture in an earth-rockfill dam is modelled using eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM). The finite element simulation of Hyttejuvet dam is carried out to exhibit the pore pressure developments at various locations of the dam, which are compared with measured in-situ measurement and monitoring data. A prominent arching at the mid-depth of the upstream core face could be noticed at the location of crack appearance in the dam. The fracture occurs in a nearly vertical direction, orthogonal to the maximum effective tensile stress direction within the core. The influence of various characteristic properties of core material on initiation of hydraulic fracture is investigated. It is concluded that increasing the permeability of the core delays the fracture initiation while inducing a smaller crack in the core. Adopting a core material with higher modulus of elasticity can reduce arching phenomenon in the dam to ensure a less severe crack formation. Additionally, increase in the maximum reservoir level is found to induce larger crack in the dam core.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".