Prevalence of Acute Q Fever Among High‐Risk Patients With Fever and Pneumonia Symptoms in Western Iran
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Q fever is a zoonotic bacterial infection with worldwide distribution. Based on seroepidemiology studies among the human population and also serological and molecular surveys of animals, Q fever is an endemic disease in Iran. However, the status of acute Q fever in many parts of Iran is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate acute Q fever among high‐risk patients with fever and pneumonia symptoms in Western Iran. Methods: In this survey, 96 patients were included in the study in Kurdistan Province who had symptoms of suspected pneumonia or acute Q fever and epidemiological evidence for the risk of Q fever. From each individual, paired acute and convalescent serum samples were taken, and the elevation of the phase II IgG antibody titer against Coxiella burnetii was traced by ELISA. Also, molecular detection of C. burnetii was done in acute blood samples by real‐time PCR. Results: Seven patients (7.3%) were diagnosed with acute Q fever who had seroconversion and a four‐fold rise in the phase II IgG antibody titer against C. burnetii in their paired sera samples. Also, 22 of 89 (24.7%) individuals with a negative result for acute Q fever had a previous history of exposure to C. burnetii . There was a significant relationship between sheep husbandry and a previous history of exposure to C. burnetii ( p = 0.04). All molecular tests were negative. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there are cases of acute Q fever in Western Iran, but it is not considered by the healthcare system or clinicians.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".