MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4413251312 · doi:10.1080/29944694.2025.2522695

Contesting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: realities and experiences among racialized immigrant and racialized non-immigrant individuals in Peel Region Canada

2025· article· en· W4413251312 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Andrea Rishworth, Kathi Wilson, Nicole Charles, Matthew Adams, Tracey Galloway

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Health Equity · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicVaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersCanadian Institutes of Health Research
KeywordsImmigrationCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Gender studiesSociologySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)2019-20 coronavirus outbreakGeographyMedicineVirologyOutbreak

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This article examines perceptions surrounding trusted COVID-19 information sources, factors underpinning competing COVID-19 sentiments, and perceived choice in COVID-19 vaccines among racialized immigrant and racialized non-immigrant communities. While vaccine equity is critical to control COVID-19, racialized and immigrant groups are less likely to have confidence in or receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Research on vaccine gaps often center on homogenizing vaccine hesitancy discourses, reinforcing assumptions that hesitancy amounts to blanket vaccine refusal. Fewer studies examine the spectrum of vaccine sentiments and decision making informed by wider sociocultural, historical, and political place-based dynamics in Canada. Drawing on in-depth interviews (n = 79) with racialized immigrants and racialized non-immigrants in the Peel Region Ontario Canada, the results reveal a complicated narrative of vaccine inequity and factors underpinning vaccine choices. Findings indicate vaccine (dis)trust is shaped by various personal, socio-structural and historical factors converge to shape vaccine acceptance and opposition. Findings indicate vaccine mandates increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake, even among people who distrusted the vaccine, yet undermine choice and reinforce cynicism, distrust, and anger towards government. This study suggests that multipronged, equity informed policy approaches rooted in anti-racist and anti-oppressive frameworks are needed to address COVID-19 vaccine inequities.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.101
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.043
GPT teacher head0.379
Teacher spread0.337 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueJournal of Health EquitySame topicVaccine Coverage and HesitancyFrench-language works237,207