Beam dynamics design for alternating phase focusing proton Linac for a compact accelerator-based neutron source
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A prototype Canadian compact accelerator-driven neutron source is proposed for installation at the University of Windsor. The source is based on a high-intensity compact proton RF linear accelerator (Linac) that delivers an average current of 10 mA of protons at 10 MeV to the target. The accelerator consists of a short radio frequency quadrupole, followed by an efficient drift tube Linac (DTL) structure. This study compares the alternating phase focusing (APF) DTL with other DTL variants, such as Alvarez and Crossbar H-mode (CH) DTLs, using KONUS and negative synchronous phase beam dynamics. The APF-DTL design employs an RF phase variation for transverse and longitudinal beam focusing, avoiding magnetic lenses. A detailed optimization of the synchronous phases yielded a configuration that minimizes emittance growth, though the APF-DTL showed increased sensitivity to transverse emittance constraints. The results suggest that while APF-DTL offers operational simplicity, more standard DTL variants such as Alvarez and CH-KONUS provide better beam quality and power efficiency for high-intensity applications like CANS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".