Acid‐Responsive Inks via Shuttling in a Pseudorotaxane Complex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pseudorotaxanes are host‐guest complexes where a guest molecule threads through a ring‐shaped host via noncovalent interactions. If the guest has two recognition sites, the host can dynamically shuttle between them. These complexes enable stimulus‐responsive molecular shuttles, where a stimulus, such as pH change, can control the position of the host, affecting properties like color and solubility. In this study, a guest molecule ( Gc ) with two recognition sites—1,4‐dialkoxyphenylene and pH‐sensitive 1,5‐diaminonaphthalene—is synthesized. These sites interact strongly with cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) ( CBPQT 4 + ), a cationic host. CBPQT 4 + binds to the neutral diaminonaphthalene group to produce a green solution. Upon protonation of the diaminonaphthalene group, the host shifts to the dialkoxyphenylene site, turning the solution light orange. This color‐switching behavior remains stable over multiple protonation‐deprotonation cycles. The pseudorotaxane complex can also be disassembled via slow solvent diffusion, allowing recovery of the Gc and CBPQT 4 + components. Additionally, cellulose nanocrystal films incorporating the Gc ⊂ CBPQT 4 + complex show similar green‐to‐orange color shifts, demonstrating their potential for information encryption applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".