Life Expectancy of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Variant Histology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The effect of variant histology in renal cell carcinoma (vhRCC) on survival relative to age- and sex-matched population-based controls is unknown. This study aims to analyze the life expectancy of vhRCC patients. METHODS: In the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2004-2016), we identified 2928 patients with vhRCC, including mesenchymal, collecting duct, medullary, mucinous, and neuroendocrine RCC, as well as RCC of sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation. Kaplan-Meier plots addressed overall survival relative to simulated life expectancy in population-based controls (Monte Carlo simulation), were derived from the Social Security Administration life tables. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Of the 2928 vhRCC patients, 1905 (65%) harbored sarcomatoid, 404 (14%) mesenchymal, 318 (11%) collecting duct, 94 (3%) rhabdoid, 80 (3%) medullary, 68 (2%) mucinous, and 59 (2%) neuroendocrine RCC. Most vhRCC subtypes exhibit regional or metastatic stage at diagnosis, except for mucinous RCC. When diagnosed in metastatic stage, all vhRCC subtypes exhibited a decrease in survival rate ranging from -75% to -98% between controls and cases, except for mucinous and neuroendocrine RCC, with the least decrease in survival rate of -62% and -59%, respectively. In regional stage, all vhRCC subtypes exhibited a decrease in survival rate ranging from -68% to -41% between controls and cases, except for neuroendocrine RCC, with the least decrease in survival rate of -27%. Finally, in localized stage, all vhRCC subtypes exhibited a decrease in survival rate ranging from -56% to -22% between controls and cases, except for rhabdoid and mucinous RCC, with the least decrease in survival rate of -11% and -6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Most vhRCC subtypes reduce survival drastically relative to life expectancy of population-based controls, except for localized rhabdoid and mucinous RCC. Especially, medullary RCC leads to distinct reductions in life expectancy, irrespective of the stage at presentation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".