Edmonton, a resource city: urban development examined through unrecognized resource legacies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Edmonton, Alberta, is currently associated with oil and gas industries, yet its history as a resource community is in many ways not only obscure but also influential, even key to the understanding of its urban development. Timber harvesting, brick making but most importantly local coal mining powered and structured Edmonton's growth. Several communities were key to this foundation, ultimately becoming hosts for many other city sustaining functions. River flats communities like Riverdale and Cloverdale were vulnerable to floods. Beverly, an official coal mining town had a prolonged history of struggle. McCauley was home to the Federal prison; resident prisoners mined the coal beneath Riverdale. Coal mining in Edmonton was replaced by informal and social housing, waste management, major transportation projects, and finally development of Edmonton's River Valley parks system. Edmonton provides a case study for expanding the resource communities narrative. Key communities in Edmonton's early years show how coal mining influenced landscape, economic shifts, and relationships within a growing city. A combined process of GIS analysis, local media analysis, and literature review provides a framework for understanding how Edmonton, a large northern city initially shared the experiences and difficulties of small resource communities in earlier years of growth and development. Large and diverse cities which seemingly transcended their extractive origin can be analyzed through the lens of resource legacies, which can reveal, as in Edmonton, that largely forgotten histories of vanished resources can mark cities and their planning in profound ways. We therefore speak of opaque resource cities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".