Coupled Split-Ring Resonators for Isolation Improvement in a 1 × 2 Microstrip Patch Antenna Array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a method to reduce mutual coupling between an E-plane and H-plane coupled microstrip patch antenna is presented. Two dual differentially fed square patches are designed in a 1 × 2 antenna array configuration. To minimize mutual coupling and its effects, coupled split-ring resonators (SRRs) are designed, characterized and positioned between the patches. Circular SRRs are designed and coupled to produce a band-stop response to suppress surface waves propagating within the dielectric substrate while enhancing isolation. Mutual coupling interactions and the suppression mechanism are discussed in relation to the patches and SRRs. The patch radiators are dual differentially fed to achieve polarization diversity. E- and H-planes decoupling is achieved between the two patches throughout their bandwidth while maintaining good antenna performance. A prototype of the antenna array and the SRR is fabricated and measured to validate the decoupling approach. With a separation distance of 0.49λ between the patches, the measured S-parameters show an impedance bandwidth of |S11|≤−10 dB, covering 9.27–9.46 GHz, and −38 dB and −35 dB mutual coupling for E- and H-planes, respectively, are observed throughout the antenna operating bandwidth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".