Bioassembly of Region‐Specific Fibrocartilage Microtissues to Engineer Zonally Defined Meniscal Grafts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Meniscal injuries are common orthopaedic problems which can impair knee function and lead to the development of osteoarthritis. While recent advances in tissue engineering have enabled the fabrication of meniscus-like grafts, these do not fully replicate the zonal structure and composition of the native meniscus. Here, fibrocartilage microtissues are used as building blocks to biofabricate zonally defined meniscal grafts. Meniscus progenitor cells (MPCs) isolated from the inner (iMPC) and outer (oMPC) regions of caprine menisci are used to engineer region-specific meniscal microtissues. Both iMPC and oMPC-derived microtissues are rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen, with iMPC-derived microtissues staining more intensely for type II collagen. These microtissues are assembled into two different physically confining moulds, where they rapidly fuse and generate a fibrocartilaginous graft. The impact of the catabolic enzyme chondroitinase-ABC (cABC) on the composition and structural organization of the meniscal grafts is then explored, which is found to reduce sGAG levels but to increase collagen fiber thickness. Finally, iMPC and oMPC microtissues are spatially assembled to biofabricate a scaled-up and zonally defined meniscal construct. These findings support the use of MPC-derived microtissues as biological building blocks for the engineering of meniscal grafts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".