Associations Between Forced Sexual Initiation, Post-exposure Prophylaxis Cascades and Subsequent Violence Experiences Among Displaced Young Women in Ugandan Informal Urban Settlements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Along their displacement trajectory, displaced adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) face elevated HIV risk early in their sexual life course, often due to forced sexual initiation (FSI), marking the beginning of cycles of violence. However, knowledge gaps exist regarding FSI prevalence rates and the association between FSI, violence experiences, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) cascades (awareness, access and uptake) among displaced AGYW in Uganda. Using peer-driven sampling, we conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey of 201 sexually active displaced AGYW living in informal settlements in Kampala. We conducted bivariate analyses to examine associations between FSI and PEP cascades and multivariable logistic regressions to examine associations between FSI and (a) non-partner physical/sexual violence and (b) recent sexual/physical intimate partner violence (IPV). Among participants (n = 72), 35.8% reported forced sexual initiation (FSI); of these, 66.7% experienced lifetime non-partner sexual violence, 81.9% non-partner physical violence, 35.2% recent intimate partner physical violence, and 70.4% recent intimate partner sexual violence. Very few participants who experienced FSI reported awareness of and knowledge of access to PEP in their community, and none had accessed PEP in the past 3 months. Multivariable logistic regression findings showed that compared to AGYW who did not experience FSI, those who experienced FSI had increased odds of reporting non-partner lifetime physical violence, non-partner lifetime sexual violence, intimate partner physical violence, and intimate partner sexual violence. FSI appears to be prevalent among displaced AGYW and is linked to multiple forms of violence, and limited PEP awareness, access and use. Tailored, trauma-informed, multisectoral interventions are needed to address FSI and violence and improve PEP access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".