Condition assessment of a decommissioned pier cap affected by alkali–silica reaction after 57 years of service
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Champlain Bridge, which stood from 1962 to 2019, was a significant highway structure spanning the St. Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway. It was constructed using concrete incorporating an alkali–silica reactive aggregate. Decommissioning of the structure presented a unique research opportunity to investigate how damage owing to alkali–silica reaction (ASR) developed in a concrete member with various levels of restraint. Following decommissioning of the pier cap, cores were extracted longitudinally from a number of restraint locations within the member (i.e. top, middle and bottom regions) and investigated using a multi-level assessment protocol through microscopic (i.e. damage rating index) and mechanical (i.e. stiffness damage test) test procedures. Cracking travelling parallel to the coring direction in the extracted cores (i.e. parallel to main reinforcement) was observed in all regions, indicating an influence of restraint conditions on ASR-induced development. Moreover, increased expansion due to ASR, similar to reference cores extracted transversally, was identified in cores extracted from the highest reinforcement region, while cores from the middle and bottom regions displayed a reduced deterioration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".