A re-examination of <i>Laminaria gunneri</i> reveals it to be synonymous with <i>Hedophyllum nigripes</i> (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The kelp Laminaria gunneri Foslie was described from Berlevåg in Northern Norway in 1885 and separated from Hedophyllum nigripes (J.Agardh) Starko, S.C.Lindstrom & Martone, but its taxonomic status has remained uncertain. An investigation was undertaken of material collected during 2012 at the type locality of L. gunneri of kelps fitting the description of L. gunneri. A comparison with museum specimens of Foslie’s collection of L. gunneri confirmed the similarity. Cross sections of lamina of specimens collected in 2012 and of two individuals of Foslie’s collection of L. gunneri were compared, and cell structure and organization in the cortex were confirmed to be similar. Mucilage ducts similar to those of H. nigripes were present in sections of lamina and stipe tissue in the examined individuals collected in 2012 and in the collection of L. gunneri by Foslie. According to Foslie, L. gunneri and H. nigripes differed regarding the cover of sori in basal parts of the lamina. Sori coverage of lamina was compared between samples collected in 2012, herbarium samples of Laminaria gunneri, and Hedophyllum nigripes (as Laminaria nigripes) identified by Foslie from Norway. In all cases, the sori placement fitted Foslie’s description of L. gunneri, with the basal part of the lamina always being without sori. Finally, sequences (COI-5P and ITS) were obtained from individuals collected in 2012, for which anatomical studies were done, linking the individuals to global specimens identified as H. nigripes. Accordingly, the name L. gunneri should be regarded as a synonym of H. nigripes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".