Establishing microbial communities to promote the growth of <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> through a top-down approach is hindered by the dominance of antagonistic interactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Few attempts have been made to examine the diversity and functions that characterize microbial communities compatible with and beneficial to the biotechnologically relevant mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus . The quest for complementarity is complicated by the variable nature of beneficial traits, impairing the rational assembly of synthetic communities to improve bioprocesses. This study investigated whether the compatibility between P. ostreatus and microbial enrichments is lessened in conditions favoring saprophyte metabolism and is enhanced when a combination of recalcitrant and labile carbon is integrated in the enrichment. The microbial diversity of enrichment cultures and substrates colonized by P. ostreatus was analyzed through PCR amplicon sequencing, and the proliferation of P. ostreatus was assessed by quantitative image analysis. In general, co-inoculation of lignocellulosic substrate with microbial enrichment reduced the growth of P. ostreatus . The saprophytic enrichment conditions were more conducive to the development of antagonistic communities inhibiting P. ostreatus growth than enrichment cultures integrating labile carbon substrates. Both microbial community analyses and in vitro assays led to the identification of a single phylotype affiliated with Brevundimonas spp., which displayed neutral interaction with P. ostreatus . Recalcitrant and labile carbon degradation functions were not primary factors driving beneficial microbial communities for P. ostreatus . Additional functions beyond carbon metabolism are likely to promote beneficial interactions. Directed enrichment cultures, integrating the mushroom in the earliest stage of the procedure, are expected to promote more beneficial interactions than top-down approaches. IMPORTANCE Lignocellulosic biomass upcycling biotechnologies integrating solid-state fermentation by fungi are aligned with sustainable development perspectives. While the recalcitrance of this biomass imposes a challenge for the implementation of these bioprocesses converting the lignocellulosic feedstock into bioenergy and bioproducts, pretreatment of lignocellulose biomass with fungi is efficient and generates fewer by-products than chemical approaches. Optimization and stabilization of this bioprocess by integrating microbial consortia has received little attention. The significance of our research is to bridge that knowledge gap by examining how interactions between the biotechnologically relevant basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus and microbial communities influence fungal growth in lignocellulosic substrate. Directed enrichment cultures integrating Pleurotus ostreatus as a selective agent are expected to trigger more beneficial interactions promoting mushroom growth than our top-down approaches, due to a dominance of antagonistic mushroom-bacteria interactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".