A Stage of Change Theory–Based, Stage-Matched Intervention for Healthy Dietary Intake Among Office Workers in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An unhealthy diet is a well-established risk factor for the development of noncommunicable diseases, and office workers are at a higher risk of noncommunicable diseases due to their sedentary work style. Stage of change (SOC) theory-based and stage-matched interventions effectively influence dietary and behavior changes. The effectiveness of such interventions in the context of low- and middle-income countries is yet to be assessed. OBJECTIVE: This protocol describes a cluster randomized trial planned to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for changing dietary behavior among government office workers in the Galle district in Sri Lanka. METHODS: A cluster randomized trial was conducted in 20 clusters divided into intervention and control arms. A cluster was an office with 30 clerical-type workers who were sedentary at work. A stage-matched intervention based on behavior change processes was implemented in the intervention clusters for 3 months. Participants were provided with an intervention matched to their SOC at baseline. Precontemplators and contemplators received awareness-raising and emotional arousal interventions. Others received goal setting and self-monitoring interventions. The SOC and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and the postintervention stage through a staging algorithm, and 24-hour dietary recall was supplemented with a picture guide and computer software. Adherence to the intervention was assessed monthly. We hypothesized that participants would achieve a progressive change in the SOC and healthy dietary intake in the intervention clusters compared to the control clusters. RESULTS: By December 2024, the planned intervention was completed. Data analysis on the effectiveness of the intervention is to be completed and published in 2025. CONCLUSIONS: This protocol reports a stage-matched intervention based on SOC theory, enriching the current knowledge base with new evidence from office workers in a low- to middle-income country. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry SLCTR/2020/025; https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2020-025. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/70293.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.025 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.057 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".