Characterization of dietary fiber and soluble carbohydrates in date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the physicochemical and structural properties of the dietary fiber present in date fruits is useful for its onward processing for food and non-food applications. This research fractionated dietary fiber from four date fruit cultivars into soluble and insoluble fractions and studied their structural features and physicochemical and thermal properties. Total dietary fibers content ranged 3.2-7.4 g/100 g with > 90% being insoluble. Insoluble fiber was crystalline and mainly composed of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose while the soluble fiber was amorphous and mainly contained pectin (> 50%). The lignin content was higher in Barakawi and Neghal (3.6 & 3.7 g/100 g) than in Shishi and Barhi (1.4 & 2.1 g/100 g). Guaiacyl lignin was present in the sclereid and parenchyma cells and syringyl lignin was present in the xylem vessels. The pectin in the date fruit soluble fiber is highly branched possibly by oligosaccharides such as type II arabinogalactan. Several furan and pyran-type residues with different linking patterns were observed in the soluble fiber fraction (α-L-arabinofuranose, α-L-rhamnopyranose, β-D-galactopyranose, α-L-glucopyranose). The insoluble fiber fraction was thermally more stable than the soluble fraction. Overall, this research provides a knowledge-base for onward valorization of date fruit soluble and insoluble fibers for various food applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".