Characterization of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in Long COVID
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) has emerged as a significant cardiovascular phenotype among individuals experiencing postacute COVID-19 syndrome, commonly referred to as long COVID. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of people reporting long COVID-associated POTS. METHODS: We collected data from individuals aged ≥18 years with self-reported long COVID who participated in the Yale Listen to Immune, Symptom and Treatment Experiences Now (LISTEN) cohort, an online observational study. The study included participants surveyed from May 2022 to July 2023. POTS status was determined by self-reported diagnosis of POTS. We compared the demographics, symptoms, associated conditions, and health status of people with and without self-reported POTS. RESULTS: Of the 578 individuals included, 167 (28.9%) reported new-onset POTS and 411 (71.1%) did not report POTS as one of their long COVID-associated conditions. Seventy-eight percent of participants with self-reported POTS were women (range, 18-74 years). Participants with self-reported POTS were younger, had more financial difficulties, more social isolation, more suicidal thoughts, worse health status measured by the EuroQoL visual analog scale, and reported higher rates of rapid heart rate after standing up, dizziness, palpitations, persistent chest pain, sudden chest pain, excessive fatigue, exercise intolerance, heat intolerance, brain fog, tinnitus, migraine, internal tremors, skin discoloration, and dry eyes, as well as new-onset myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and mast cell disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with self-reported long COVID-associated POTS experienced substantial health burdens in various domains compared with those without self-reported POTS, highlighting the urgency for further research to understand the mechanism, characterize the physiological derangements, and target treatments so we can help these individuals.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".