Early Subclinical and Sex-Specific Cardiac Remodeling Precedes Heart Failure in Zebrafish with Human Actin T126I Mutation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract/Summary Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure with notable sex differences in disease susceptibility and progression. Mutations in sarcomeric proteins such as cardiac actin (ACTC1) contribute to familial DCM, yet the in vivo consequences of the ACTC1 p.T126I variant and its sex-specific effects remain unclear. We generated a zebrafish model carrying the orthologous Acta1b p.T126I mutation and conducted longitudinal analyses of cardiac phenotype, function, morphology, and gene expression stratified by sex. Mutants showed variable onset of cardiac dysfunction; surviving adults developed progressive DCM characterized by pericardial effusion, ventricular dilation, and reduced survival. Female mutants exhibited earlier and sustained diastolic dysfunction, more severe cardiac remodeling and significantly lower survival compared to males, revealing pronounced sexual dimorphism. Molecular profiling identified upregulation of the cardiac stress marker nppb , downregulation of hypertrophic transcription factors ( gata4, mef2ca ), stable or reduced sarcomeric gene expression, and sex-specific alterations in calcium handling genes ( serca2, pln1, slc8a1a ) and proteostasis regulators ( hsf1, bag3 ). These findings demonstrate that the Acta1b p.T126I thin filament mutation drives progressive, sex-specific dilated cardiomyopathy in zebrafish, underscoring biological sex as a critical modifier of sarcomeric cardiomyopathy progression and providing a valuable platform for investigating sex-dependent mechanisms and developing targeted therapies relevant to women’s cardiovascular health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".