Deciphering the metabolic patterns of cashew apple ripening process: A comprehensive non-targeted metabolomics analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metabolite changes during the ripening process of cashew apples are crucial for their quality development. A total of 2379 metabolites were isolated and identified from fresh cashew apples at four different ripening stages using UHPLC-MS. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) revealed that the differential metabolites in CA2_vs_CA1, CA3_vs_CA2, and CA4_vs_CA3 comparisons were mainly enriched in amino acids and peptides, steroids, pyrimidines, and fatty acids and conjugates, etc. Volcano plot analysis identified 631, 384, and 392 upregulated metabolites, and 625, 923, and 392 downregulated metabolites in CA2_vs_CA1, CA3_vs_CA2, and CA4_vs_CA3 comparisons, respectively. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that these differential metabolites were primarily involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and glycine, etc. Notably, the differential metabolites in CA4_vs_CA3 showed the highest enrichment in d-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, as well as phenylalanine. The metabolic profile of cashew apples revealed stage-specific patterns during ripening, offering key insights for optimizing harvest, storage, and processing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".