Unpacking Righteousness: Material Legacies of Aid to Jews in Nazi-Occupied Poland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In Poland, the figure of the “Righteous Gentile” who provided aid to Jews during the Holocaust has been highly politicized and instrumentalized by various actors across the political spectrum since the end of World War II, thus flattening a range of painfully complex intergroup and interpersonal interactions into superficial hagiographies. In Jewish communities abroad, the designation of “Righteous” is also more often sacralized than historicized. Poland is home to a vast landscape of so-called “post-Jewish” objects, such as clothing, bedding, and other household items, found in innumerable Catholic homes, taking the place of their (generally) murdered former owners. Emerging scholarship is beginning to address quotidian Jewish expropriation by Polish neighbors during and after the Holocaust. The present text links these two domains—discourses of Righteousness and the Polish Catholic “inheritance” of Jewish things in the context of Holocaust violence—which have thus far been studied separately, in pursuit of a material cultural approach to the experience of helping Jews. The author treats these objects as records of unequal encounters, which provide a unique opportunity to bring their former Jewish owners, as well as other relevant actors in stories of attempted survival, back into public view through reparative representations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.031 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".